31 OCTOBER-28 NOVEMBER 1873 VIRGINIUS AFFAIR Historically our Navy has been tasked with the protection of American citizens overseas, as witnessed by a nearly explosive brush with Spain in 1873. Cuban rebels were well into their 40-year struggle for independence from Read More
16 JULY 1863 SHIMONOSEKI INCIDENT Negotiated by Commodore Matthew C. Perry in 1854, the Treaty of Kanagawa opened Japan to commerce with the western world. It also polarized traditionalist Japanese factions who wished a return to economic isolationism. One of Read More